Multi-objective Optimization Methods for Passive and Active Devices in mm-Wave 5G Networks

Abstract

Due to the exponential growth of data communications, millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) new radio specification becomes key enablers for fifth generation (5G) communication systems. However in the mm-Wave band frequency, the propagation loss is intensively large and cannot cover all the determined specifications. To tackle this drawback, the transceiver parts must sense the high radiated output power from power amplifiers. Hence by using high performance wideband antennas, the amplifiers can facilitate massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) 5G systems. The figure of merit (FoM) of an amplifier is determined by the output power that must be challenged by other design specifications as: power gain, drain efficiency, and linearity. Therefore, powerful multi-objective optimization methods are required for welcoming appointed passive (antennas) and active (power amplifiers) characteristics in the determined frequency band. On the other side, high performance antennas in the 5G networks are also needed that can be designed using potent optimization methods. In this chapter, we provide collection of various optimization methods which have been recently applied for designing and optimizing high performance high power amplifiers and antennas. Hence, any designer can access to the nominated algorithms and can select the ones that are suitable for their problems. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.